September 15, 2023
Clinical Outcomes

This video resource highlights evidence—presented at the 83rd American Diabetes Association (ADA) Scientific Sessions—demonstrating the clinical, economic, and humanistic value of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) for managed care and payer professionals. Abstracts presented in this video underscore the burden of hypoglycemia in T2D and the potential for CGM to improve clinical outcomes and manage disease-related costs regardless of treatment regimen or prescriber type. Key areas of focus pertinent to managed care and payer professionals include the benefits of CGM initiation on Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) measure performance, utilization of emergency department/hospital services, and patient adherence. This information is delivered in a multimedia infographic format, with quotes from managed care and payer key opinion leaders interspersed for maximum impact. The video concludes with a summary of best practices to facilitate streamlined coverage and access to CGM in alignment with the latest clinical evidence and expert recommendations.

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August 30, 2023
CGM Technology and Digital Health
Article / Publication
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August 30, 2023
Coverage and Benefit Design
Webinar / Archive

CGM has advanced diabetes management, with demonstrated improvements in glycemic management, reduction of hypoglycemia-related resource utilization, and enhanced member engagement and self-management. While this technology was initially prescribed predominantly for those living with type 1 diabetes (T1D), the mounting body of evidence and expert recommendations have led to more widespread use in insulin-treated T2D, necessitating the implementation of evidence-based benefit design policies by health plans. During this working group meeting, leading payer and managed care decision makers reviewed recent findings and shared their insights on best practices for CGM coverage and reimbursement, including alignment with clinical practice guidelines, availability under the pharmacy benefit, and automated adjudication at the point of sale.

Jim Kenney, RPh, MBA (Moderator)
Founder and President
JTKenney, LLC
Sheri Dolan, BSPharm
Clinical Pharmacist, Healthcare and Family Services
Bureau of Professional and Ancillary Services
University of Illinois at Chicago
Thomas Grace, MD
Medical Director
Blanchard Valley Diabetes Center
Estay Greene, PharmD, MBA
Vice President of Pharmacy
Zing Health
Eric Long, PharmD, MBA
Disease Management Pharmacist
Beacon Health System
Scott McClelland, PharmD
Vice President, Commercial and Specialty Pharmacy Programs
Florida Blue
Josh Moore, PharmD
Director of Pharmacy
MO HealthNet Division
Missouri Department of Social Services
Diane E. Morgan, PharmD
Director, Specialty Pharmacy
Government Programs Pharmacy
UnitedHealthcare
Heather Mullins, PMP
Senior Clinical Program Manager
UnitedHealthcare
Susan Wescott, RPh, MBA
Executive Lead, Clinical Services, Alluma, LLC
Senior Director of Pharmacy, Managed Care, Mayo Clinic

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August 3, 2023
Clinical Outcomes
Article / Publication

This article reports key findings from recent randomized, observational, and retrospective studies investigating use of CGM in type 2 diabetes (T2D) individuals treated with basal insulin only and/or noninsulin therapies. Data from 29 studies were reviewed and analyzed. Both randomized and prospective/retrospective studies have demonstrated significant glycemic improvement, reductions in diabetes-related events and hospitalization rates, and cost benefits of persistent CGM use by individuals with T2D who are treated with basal insulin only, basal plus noninsulin medications, and noninsulin medications without insulin. In 23 (79%) of the 29 studies reviewed, investigators reported associations between CGM and improvements in HbA1c and/or key CGM metrics. These findings, alone, provide strong evidence that supports providing access to this technology to those with T2D who are less intensively treated. The narrative presents an evidence-based rationale for expanded access to CGM within the T2D basal insulin only and/or noninsulin treated population. Recent clinical guidelines from the American Diabetes Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinology now endorse CGM use in individuals treated with nonintensive insulin regimens. Access in the basal insulin only population has expanded since the start of this project. CGM should be made readily available to all individuals with diabetes who are able to use this technology safely and effectively.

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August 1, 2023
Featured News & Info
Guidelines / Policy
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July 14, 2023
Population Health
Infographic

This infographic highlights the value of CGM for positively impacting diabetes care quality, with special consideration given to underserved demographics of patients based on race/ethnicity and age. The piece links to the 2023 AMCP symposium moderated by Dr. Gary Puckrein, President and Chief Executive Officer of the National Minority Quality Forum, where diabetes care disparities and quality were also brought into focus. Also linked is an expert interview with Diana Isaacs, PharmD, with insights on disparities in diabetes care and quality considerations. Guidance is offered on improving CGM access as a means for meeting recent HEDIS quality measures tied to reducing emergency department and hospital use. Using findings from Blue Cross Blue Shield North Carolina as a case study, the infographic serves as a call-to-action for payers to remove manual prior authorizations for CGM under the pharmacy benefit.

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July 14, 2023
Clinical Outcomes
CE Activities

Intended Audience: This activity is designed to meet the educational needs of medical directors, registered nurses, pharmacy directors, clinical pharmacists, specialty pharmacists, quality directors, as well as network physicians affiliated with various MCOs, health systems, and other payer organizations.

Credit Available: Up to 1.5 credit hours available for nurses (ANCC), pharmacists (ACPE), and physicians (AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™)

Expiration Date:  October 31, 2024

Click Here to Begin!

Educational Objectives
After completing this activity, the participant should be better able to:

  • Assess clinical evidence and professional society guidelines for CGM systems in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes
  • Characterize the impact of rtCGM on clinical measures of diabetes care
  • Implement medical and pharmacy benefit design strategies to support appropriate access to rtCGM and develop evidence-based clinical criteria

Expert Faculty

Matthew D. Harman, PharmD, MPH
VP, Clinical Solutions, Employers Health

Diana Isaacs, PharmD, BCPS, BCACP, BC-ADM, CDCES, FADCES, FCCP
Endocrine Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Co-Director, Endocrine Disorders in Pregnancy
Cleveland Clinic Endocrinology & Metabolism Institute

Gary A. Puckrein, PhD
President and Chief Executive Officer, National Minority Quality Forum

Drake Reiter, PharmD
Advisor, Pharmacy Product & Trend, Priority Health

Jointly provided by Impact Education, LLC, and Medical Education Resources.
This activity is supported by an independent educational grant from Dexcom, Inc.

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July 13, 2023
Clinical Outcomes
CE Activities

Intended Audience: This activity is designed to meet the educational needs of diabetologists and endocrinologists, primary care physicians, obstetricians and gynecologists, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, pharmacists and other clinicians involved in the management of people with diabetes.

Credit Available: 

  • Physicians – maximum of 1.50 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™
  • ABIM Diplomates – maximum of 1.50 ABIM MOC points
  • Nurses – 1.50 ANCC Contact Hour(s) (0 contact hours are in the area of pharmacology)
  • Pharmacists – 1.50 Knowledge-based ACPE (0.15 CEUs)

Expiration Date:  June 30, 2024

Click Here to Begin

Educational Objectives
Upon completion of this activity, participants will:

  • Have increased knowledge regarding the data on rtCGM use for patients with diabetes
  • Demonstrate greater confidence in their ability to use data from rtCGM to improve the management of diabetes

Expert Faculty

Grazia Aleppo, MD

Jane Jeffrie Seley, DNP, MPH

Thomas Grace, MD

Celeste P. Durnwald, MD

Athena Philis-Tsimikas, MD

This activity is supported by an independent educational grant from Dexcom, Inc.

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July 12, 2023
CGM Technology and Digital Health
Clinical Outcomes
CGM Innovations / Webinar / Archive
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June 20, 2023
Clinical Outcomes
Article / Publication

Prescribing of CGM in clinical practice and payer coverage criteria have expanded considering the wealth of evidence and expert recommendations supporting more widespread use. As the body of evidence continues to grow, a new supplement in Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics offers insights from leading clinicians on the latest findings and practical application of CGM. The supplement highlights real-world evidence and the unique role of CGM in the management of hypoglycemia and enhancing behavior modification among users of the technology. Special consideration is given to the economic impact of CGM and access issues that may be of particular interest to payer and managed care decision makers.   

The articles included:

Past, Present, and Future of Continuous Glucose Monitors Satish K. Garg

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Impact and Implications of Real-World Evidence: Past, Present and Future James R. Gavin III and Clifford J. Bailey

What Role Might There Be for Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Assessment of Diabetes Risk? Eden Miller, William H. Polonsky and Kevin Miller

Practical Application of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Clinical Practice: Case Studies Jeff Unger and Denise R. Franco

Advancements in Diabetes Technology Are Outpacing the Evidence Michael Rickson, Eugene E. Wright Jr., Anila Bindal and Laith Ghonim

One Size Fits All Versus Individualized Medicine in Type 1 Diabetes Management L. Kurt Midyett

Is Continuous Glucose Monitoring a Tool, an Intervention, or Both? Eugene E. Wright Jr. and Savitha Subramanian

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Use in Older Adults for Optimal Diabetes Management Medha N. Munshi

Personalized Glycated Hemoglobin in Diabetes Management: Closing the Gap with Glucose Management Indicator Timothy C. Dunn, Yongjin Xu, Richard M. Bergenstal, Watru Ogawa and Ramzi A. Ajjan

Prevalence, Cost, and Burden of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Naunihal Virdi, Yeesha Poon, Richard Abaniel and Richard M. Bergenstal

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